One Health Approach and Governance: Integrating Human, Animal, and Environmental Health Policies for Sustainable Development

Abstract

The One Health paradigm is a holistic approach to tackle global health issues by linking human, animal, and environmental health. This research seeks to explore the importance of the One Health approach in enhancing disease prevention, surveillance and sustainable development. The study employed a structured approach, which includes reviewing and synthesizing cross-disciplinary literature, comparing current models and assessing integrated health systems. Conceptual measurements of quantitative indicators such as coordination indices, surveillance efficiency, and health risk reduction were used to assess effectiveness. Our findings suggest that adopting One Health approaches improves the detection of zoonotic diseases, facilitates coordination among sectors, and aligns health policies. Moreover, the strategy promotes environmental sustainability and global health security by addressing emerging infectious diseases, including climate change and antibiotic resistance. Our results show that while there are governance, data exchange, and resource distribution issues, the One Health approach offers a scalable and flexible approach to health management. Overall, integrated and collaborative approaches are crucial for building sustainable public health and development strategies.